Among the topics that may be studied in ecology degree programs are: \n
\n- Ecology, evolution, and adaptation
\n- Terrestrial, freshwater, and marine ecosystems
\n- Costs and benefits of social behaviors
\n- Estimation of population density
\n- Adaptations of predators
\n- Food chains
\n- Global patterns of biological diversity
\n- Environmental issues and resource management
\n- Global warming
\n- Ecological field and lab techniques
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Programs typically combine classroom instruction with laboratory activity and fieldwork.
", "image": "https://res.cloudinary.com/hnpb47ejt/image/upload/c_fill,h_160,q_80,w_160/v1580435225/vyl81a2yutb1jiozym1m.jpg"}, {"id": 384, "cip_code": "26.1302", "name": "Marine Biology", "slug": "marine-biology-degree", "link": "/degrees/marine-biology-degree/", "satisfaction": null, "salary": 58276, "description": "
What exists under the Earth’s waters has been a subject of fascination for hundreds, if not thousands of years. Studying sea life helps us understand the world we live in, especially since the oceans cover over 70% of the surface of our planet! There is an incredible amount of research to be done in this field, as scientists estimate that only about 5% of the oceans have been explored so far.
\n
Marine biology is the study of marine or saltwater organisms in their natural habitat\u2014and marine biologists study everything from microscopic picoplankton and single-celled bacteria, to giant kelp and the majestic blue whales. They focus on understanding how marine organisms function today in order to predict how ecosystems will cope with large-scale changes such as climate change, overfishing, pollution, and invasive species.
\n
Research projects are at the heart of what most marine biologists do, whether it be actually collecting specimens in the field, compiling research data, finding real life applications for the research data, or classroom teaching.
\n
The minimum educational requirement to work as a marine biologist is a university undergraduate degree. A graduate degree is required for independent research.
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Conservation biology is a life science. Its mission is to protect and restore biodiversity \u2013 the diversity of plant and animal life on Earth.
\n
To preserve biodiversity, conservation biologists are focused on three questions: How is the diversity of life distributed around the planet? What threats does this diversity face? What can we do to reduce or eliminate these threats? These questions are at the heart of degree programs in conservation biology, which explore biodiversity at the genetic, species, and ecosystem levels.
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Epidemiology, a fundamental science of public health, is concerned with health and disease at the population level; that is to say, within groups or communities. Its focus is the frequency, pattern, causes, and risk factors of diseases and other health-related events within these specified populations, which range from neighborhoods and schools to cities, states, countries, and the world at large.
\n
Epidemiologists \u2013 often referred to as disease detectives \u2013 are the scientists and investigators whose work begins with looking for clues by asking questions. Who is sick? What are their symptoms? When did they get sick? Where could they have been exposed? Using statistical analysis, epidemiologists study answers to these questions and produce data that lead them to identify how a particular health problem was introduced, how its spread can be controlled, and how it can be prevented.
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The historical foundation of epidemiology is the study of the causes and symptoms of infectious diseases or epidemics. Examples include Legionnaires\u2019 Disease and SARS. The field has grown significantly, however, and now encompasses the study of all types of health conditions and risks.
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Degree programs in epidemiology include coursework in public health, the biological and physical sciences, and statistics. Students learn about statistical methods, causal analysis, survey design, and applications of data.
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最佳
生态学和相关研究是一个由以下公共学位组成的学位类别：
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在生态学学位课程中可能研究的主题包括：
- 生态，进化和适应
- 陆地，淡水和海洋生态系统
- 社会行为的成本和收益
- 人口密度的估计
- 掠食者的适应
- 食物链
- 全球生物多样性模式
- 环境问题和资源管理
- 全球暖化
- 生态领域和实验室技术
程序通常将课堂教学与实验室活动和现场工作相结合。
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在地球水域下存在的东西一直是一个迷恋的主题，甚至数千年。研究海洋生物有助于我们了解生活的世界，尤其是因为海洋覆盖了我们星球表面的70％以上！由于科学家估计，到目前为止仅探索了大约5％的海洋，因此在这一领域有很多研究要做。
海洋生物学是对自然栖息地中海洋或盐水生物的研究，海洋生物学家研究从微观上皮膨胀和单细胞细菌到巨型海带和雄伟的蓝鲸的所有内容。他们专注于了解当今海洋生物如何发挥作用，以预测生态系统将如何应对大规模变化，例如气候变化，过度捕获，污染和入侵物种。
研究项目是大多数海洋生物学家所做的事情的核心，无论是实际收集现场的标本，编译研究数据，找到研究数据的现实生活应用还是课堂教学。
作为海洋生物学家工作的最低教育要求是大学本科学位。独立研究需要研究生学位。
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保护生物学是一门生活科学。它的任务是保护和恢复生物多样性 - 地球上动植物生命的多样性。
为了保护生物多样性，保护生物学家专注于三个问题：生命的多样性如何分布在地球周围？这种多样性面临什么威胁？我们该怎么做才能减少或消除这些威胁？这些问题是保护生物学学位计划的核心，该计划探索了遗传，物种和生态系统水平的生物多样性。
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流行病学是一种基本的公共卫生科学，与人群一级有关健康和疾病。也就是说，在团体或社区内。它的重点是这些指定人群中疾病和其他与健康相关事件的频率，模式，原因和风险因素，从社区和学校到整个城市，州，国家和世界。
流行病学家- 通常称为疾病侦探- 科学家和研究人员的工作始于通过提出问题寻找线索。谁生病了？他们的症状是什么？他们什么时候生病的？他们可以在哪里暴露？流行病学家使用统计分析研究了这些问题的答案，并产生数据，使他们确定如何引入特定的健康问题，如何控制其传播以及如何预防。
流行病学的历史基础是对传染病或流行病的原因和症状的研究。例子包括军团疾病和SARS。但是，该领域已经大大发展，现在涵盖了对所有类型的健康状况和风险的研究。
流行病学学位课程包括公共卫生，生物学和物理科学以及统计学的课程。学生了解统计方法，因果分析，调查设计和数据的应用。
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